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LII Releases Online Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)

The nation’s most comprehensive set of laws, the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), contains rules that impact nearly all areas of American business, and the LII”s new electronic edition offers users an easier path to finding and understanding the regulations with which they need to comply.

This new online edition of the CFR is the result of an unprecedented two-year collaboration between the Government Printing Office (GPO), the Legal Information Institute at Cornell Law School (LII), and the Cornell Law Library.

The project implemented features that have been often requested by government regulators, corporate counsel, and law librarians. “The LII’s edition of the CFR has the same search and navigation features that have made its edition of the United States Code the leading free, online source for Federal statutes for over a decade,” said Thomas R. Bruce, Director of the LII. “We’ve added linked cross-references both within the CFR and to relevant parts of the United States Code, something no other freely-available collection has. This will help users find other government regulations that impact them that they may not have found before.”

The CFR is extremely complex, and yet citizens are expected to adhere to all of its regulations. The results of this partnership ensure that the latest information is always available, easier to use and understand, and entirely free of charge.

“This open-government project demonstrates that partnerships between government and nonprofit groups can do more for the American public than either could accomplish on their own,” Bruce said.

Cornell Law Librarian Femi Cadmus agrees. “Partnerships such as these are important because they expand and enrich the level of research support that innovative libraries such as the Cornell Law Library can provide to an extensive network of users both nationally and globally.”

In addition to its improved navigation, the LII CFR also contains links to relevant statutory authority and to rulemaking dockets for pending regulations that may affect the section the user is viewing. The LII edition is updated concurrently with updates to the GPO’s Federal Digital System data on which it is based, with links from each page to the Office of the Federal Register’s e-CFR edition for more recent updates.

The LII is actively experimenting with new features based on the capabilities of the Semantic Web. For example, users can now search Title 21 using brand names for drugs (such as Tylenol), and receive the generic name for the drug (acetaminophen) as a suggested term. Other near-term enhancements will include searches by United Nations product code, the identification and linking of relevant agency guidance information for each Part and Section, and a wide variety of Linked Data offerings.

LII’s U.S. Code More Current Than Ever with New USC-prelim Feature

The LII’s U.S. Code collection received a major upgrade last week with the addition of USC-prelim. Thanks to our friends at the U.S. House of Representatives Office of the Law Revision Counsel (OLRC), the LII now includes all newly codified legislation for each title on a separate tab within each page of the LII U.S. Code Collection, right alongside the most recent official version.

The official version of the U.S. Code as released by the U.S. Government Printing Office can be as many as 15-18 months out of sync with current legislation. The OLRC has long realized that professional users of the code would benefit from access to the most current information available, and now the OLRC has agreed to release this information in bulk, as soon as practical, so we can offer it without fee to LII users. USC-prelim has been available on the OLRC government site for some time, but now you can find it in navigable form at the LII.

Bear in mind that while USC-prelim is far more current than the official release, these updates may be subject to further revision. Users should verify the text against the printed slip laws available from the Government Printing Office, the laws as shown on THOMAS (a legislative service of the Library of Congress), and the final version of the Code when it becomes available.

Supreme Court for week of April 23

The  Court hears 4 cases this week. One hot topic being discussed includes immigration law and border control in Arizona v. United States. Can Arizona engage in cooperative enforcement of federal immigration laws and create state offenses for violations of federal immigration regulations? Also this week is a case on whether the Quiet Title Act applies to cases in which the plaintiff’s interest in divesting the title is something other than a claim of ownership to the land.

Monday, April 23, 2012

Supreme Court for week of April 16

This week the Court hears cases involving some of our favorite acts like The Fair Labor Standards Act, the Fair Sentencing Act, and the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act.

Monday, April 16, 2012

Tuesday, April 17, 2012

Wednesday, April 18, 2012

The LII goes to the Science Fair — and wins!

Every year, Cornell’s Faculty of Computing and Information Science sponsors a “science fair” called Bits on our Minds (BOOM).  The exhibition showcases cutting-edge student research in all manner of digital realms, ranging from robotics to information retrieval to social applications to game design.   This year, a team of Masters of Engineering students supervised by Dr. Nuria Casellas presented their work on Legal Linked Data. Nuria described it this way:

Linked Legal Data Team Today we presented a poster of the current work in the Linked Legal Data project at Cornell’s BOOM science fair (http://boom.cornell.edu/). The LLD project of the Legal Information Institute applies the principles of LOD to legal information to enhance access to the Code of Federal Regulations. The main goal is to develop an RDF store of CFR data through the implementation of several information extraction and natural language processing techniques: the development of a CFR SKOS vocabulary, the extraction of definitions and obligations from text and the ability to relate specific CFR sections to particular products.

The development of this RDF repository of regulatory data regarding both the structure and content of regulations will allow us to build LOD-based applications to improve navigation, discovery and aggregation of the material in the CFR, possibly enabling the development of regulatory information management applications for products. Also, a public endpoint will offer the possibility to access tailored regulatory information.

Sarah Bouwman, Dallas Dias, Jie Lin, Sharvari Marathe, Krithi Rai, Ankit Singh, Debraj Sinha, and Sanjna Venkataraman are the students working in this project.

The project won a BOOM Sponsor’s Award from Susquehanna International Group, a financial trading firm.  As you can tell from Nuria’s description, the real payoff will be new features in the LII’s edition of the CFR.

U.S. Supreme Court Health Care Cases

On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed a comprehensive health care reform bill into law: the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA). A number of states and organizations challenged the law in federal court.  Those lawsuits made their way through the courts, leading up to the current Supreme Court review of the law. Perhaps signaling the importance of the health care law to this Court, the Supreme Court has set aside an unprecedented three days, March 26-28, to hear arguments on both sides on the issues.

Monday, March 26, 2012

Supreme Court oral arguments for Week of March 19


This week the court hears some interesting arguments, one including a woman that used her deceased husbands frozen sperm to conceive and is now having trouble collecting his Social Security benefits for their children. Two cases on whether it is cruel and unusual punishment to sentence teenagers to life without parole even if they aren’t the triggermen. Plus are there really any “harmless-errors” in court if it leads to your conviction?

Monday, March 19, 2012

The LII is hiring

We’re looking for a software developer who can help us build out our collections into the world of Linked Data.  We intend to offer both user-facing services that leverage Semantic Web techniques, and back-end services that will allow others to power their applications with LII technology.  We would like you to be familiar with a variety of text-processing techniques including XML and XML tools such as xQuery and the eXist database server, RDF, SPARQL, and native RDF stores such as AllegroGraph and Jena, standards like SKOS. Drupal and Ajax skills are of course useful, as is anything to do with scripting languages (these days we’re using Ruby for most factory work and PHP/Drupal on the server side).

Most of all we’re looking for a developer who’s intellectually curious, ready to learn new stuff, and eager and able to work with legal information as part of a top-flight team.

The formal job description is here: http://liicr.nl/A2n6v3 .

Supreme Court hears 4 arguments starting February 21.


The Supreme Court hears 4 this week. In the mix are cases involving double jeopardy and capital murder, real estate settlement services and kickbacks, compensation of interpreters and court costs, and lying about military awards. Is it a crime, or protected free speech?

Tuesday, February 21, 2012

Wednesday, February 22, 2012